Cardiovascular Mortality in Amyloidosis: Long-Term Trends, Disparities, and Projections in the United States

Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Scientific Research, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

Correspondence: Yue Zhang, Email [email protected] Ying Tian, Email [email protected]

Background: Cardiac involvement is a major determinant of prognosis in systemic amyloidosis, but population-level trends in cardiovascular mortality remain insufficiently characterized.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, population-based analysis of U.S. adults aged ≥ 45 years with amyloidosis using death certificate data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database from 1999 through 2023. Cardiovascular disease (CVD)–related deaths were identified using ICD-10 codes and classified into heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF), ischemic heart disease (IHD), or other CVD categories. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) were calculated using the 2000 U.S. standard population. Joinpoint regression assessed temporal trends, and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models projected mortality through 2033.